Dynamics Exam1 and Problem Solutions

1. A box is pulled with 20N force. Mass of the box is 2kg and surface is frictionless. Find the acceleration of the box. Dynamics We show the forces acting on the box with following free body diagram. Dynamics X component of force gives acceleration to the box.

Fx=F.cos37⁰=20.0,8=16N

Fx=m.a

16N=2kg.a

a=8m/s²

2. Picture given below shows the motion of two boxes under the effect of applied force. Friction constant between the surfaces is k=0,4. Find the acceleration of the boxes and tension on the rope. (g=10m/s² , sin37⁰=0,6, cos37⁰=0,8) Dynamics Free body diagram of these boxes given below. Dynamics Components of force,

Fx=F.cos37⁰=30.0,8=24N

Fy=F.sin37⁰=30.0,6=18N

N₁=m₁.g-Fy=30-18=12N

N₂=10N

Ff₁ and Ff₂ are the friction forces acting on boxes.

Ff₁=k.N1=0,4.12=4,8N and Ff₂=k.N₂=0,4.10=4N

We apply Newton’s second law on two boxes.

m₁: Fnet=m.a

20-T-Ff₁=3.a 20-T-4,8=3.a

m₂: T-Ff₂=1.a T-4=a

a=2,8m/s²

T=6,8N

3. As you can see in the picture given below, two boxes are placed on a frictionless surface. If the acceleration of the box X is 5m/s², find the acceleration of the box Y. Dynamics Free body diagrams of boxes are given below; Dynamics Fnet=m.a

(30-T)=2.5

T=20N

Fnet=m.a

T=5.a

20=5.a a=4m/s²

4. In the system given below ignore the friction and masses of the pulleys. If masses of X and Y are equal find the acceleration of the X?(g=10m/s²) Dynamics Free body diagrams of boxes are given below; Dynamics Since force acting on X is double of force acting on Y,

ax=2ay

For X: 2T-10m=m.a

For Y: T-10m=m.2a

a=2m/s²

5. When system is in motion, find the tension on the rope. Dynamics Free body diagrams of boxes are given below. Dynamics m₁: T+2g-20=2.a

m₂: 3g-T=3.a

5g-20=5.a

a=g-4 putting it into m₁ equation;

T+2g-20=2(g-4)

T=12N